1.3 Cyber-armament

🎯Are states developing their offensive cyber capabilities?

Incidents of cybersabotage or cyberespionage have accelerated cyber-armament. NATO considers cyber to constitute one of the five military domains (along with land, sea, air, and space). Many countries have established significant budgets for building military cyber capabilities, both offensive and defensive. The mapping of publicly available documents, such as national strategies, military doctrines, official statements, and credible media reports, presents evidence and indications that offensive cyber capabilities (OCCs) exist or are being built in over 50 states (figure 3).

Interactive visual: Interactive map of states with offensive cyber capabilities (Source: Digital Watch Observatory)